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3.3.4 An Enhanced Individuality

As cerebral capacity and its represented knowledge content evolves, another quality and parameter is an increased self-awareness and sense of personal identity.


Buss, Leo W. The Evolution of Individuality. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1987.

Freeman, Walter J. How Brains Make Up Their Minds. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001.

Gilbert, Scott, and Steven Borish. “How Cells Learn, How Cells Teach: Education in the Body.” In Change and Development: Issues of Theory, Method, and Application, eds. Eric Amsel and K. Ann Renninger, 61–75. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997.

Gould, Stephen Jay, and Elizabeth Lloyd “Individuality and Adaptation Across Levels of Selection: How Shall We Name and Generalize the Unit of Darwinism?” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. vol. 96, no. 21 (October 12, 1999): 11904–09.

Hoffmeyer, Jesper. “Code-Duality and the Epistemic Cut.” In Closure: Emergent Organizations and Their Dynamics, eds. Jerry Chandler and Gertrudis Van de Vijver, 175–86. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 901, New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 2000.

Jablonka, Eva. “Inheritance Systems and the Evolution of New Levels of Individuality.” Journal of Theoretical Biology. vol. 170, no. 3 (November 1994): 301–309.

Mathews, Freya. The Ecological Self. London: Routledge, 1991.

McShea, Daniel. “The Minor Transitions in Hierarchical Evolution and the Question of a Directional Bias.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology. vol. 14, no. 3 (March 2001): 500–505.

Michod, Richard. Darwinian Dynamics: Evolutionary Transitions in Fitness and Individuality. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1999.

Parker, Sue Taylor, et al., eds. Self-Awareness in Animals and Humans: Developmental Perspectives. Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

Salthe, Stanley N. Development and Evolution: Complexity and Change in Biology. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1993.

Sagan, Dorion, and Lynn Margulis. “Epilogue: The Uncut Self.” In Organism and the Origins of Self, ed. Albert I. Tauber, 361–74. Amsterdam: Kluwer Academic, 1991.

Siegel, Daniel. The Developing Mind: How Relationships and the Brain Interact to Shape Who We Are. New York: Guilford Press, 1999.

Sedikides, Constantine, and John Skowronski. “The Symbolic Self in Evolutionary Context.” Personality and Social Psychology Review. vol. 1, no. 1 (February 1997): 77–81.

Varela, Francisco. “Organism: A Meshwork of Selfless Selves.” In Organism and the Origins of Self, ed. Albert Tauber, 79–107. Amsterdam: Kluwer Academic, 1991.
_______. “Patterns of Life: Intertwining Identity and Cognition.” Brain and Cognition. vol. 34, no. 2 (February 1997): 71–83.

   
 
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